Edema is a symptom of venous insufficiency, a condition that occurs when veins in the legs are unable to pump blood back to the heart properly. As the veins weaken, blood pools in the lower extremities, causing swelling, pain, and other circulation issues.

Unsighly varicose veins can swollen and twisted veins just under the skin. They are commonly a symptom of an underlying issue, damaged vein walls and valves. The valves are one way to flow the blood up to the heart, when valves are week the blood comes down like a waterfall, when the blood isn’t flowing in the correct direction, this is called reflux.

Venous ulcers are due to abnormal vein function, eventually the skin breaks down. This causes open sores.  Leg ulcers can be very painful and take months to heal unless the underlying issue is treated.

(RLS) is a chronic neurological disorder that causes an uncomfortable feeling in the legs, along with an urge to move them. This usually happens at night when going to bed.  The cause is unknown but in many cases, Restless leg syndrome (RLS) and venous insufficiency are often linked, and treating venous insufficiency can significantly improve RLS symptoms.

Hyperpigmentation is a common condition that causes skin to darken in patches or spots. Hyperpigmentation occurs when red blood cells leak from the veins and break down under the skin, leading to a deposition of hemosiderin. This can cause dark red and purplish areas.

This is stage 4 of Hyperpigmentation a chronic inflammatory condition that can occur in people with varicose veins or chronic venous insufficiency (CVI Lipodermatosclerosis can progress to venous ulcers, and chronic pain is a common symptom.

Corona phlebectatica is also caused by venous reflux, which occurs when blood doesn’t circulate properly back to the heart. This causes blood to pool in the veins near the ankles, making them visible. The veins appear in the ankle and foot in a fan-like pattern, similar to the sun’s rays.